Majority of acnes are caused by the bacteria Acne vulgaris; where the word 'vulgaris' means 'a common type of'. The hair follicles on faces contain oil glands which is called sebaceous glands that secrete the oil or sebum. As a teenager's body begins to develop, his or her body undergoes lot of hormonal changes which make the sebaceous glands overactive, producing large amount of oil. These oils clogs up the pores containing bacteria or dead cells, as a result the bacterium multiplies causing redness and swelling; which cause pimples. Sometimes when the skin reacts with the bacterial infection, the pimple gets filled up with pus. A whitehead occurs when the pore is clogged and closes but later bulges out. Blackhead occurs when the clogged pore remains open and the upper surface gets darkened.
When sebum can no longer reach the skin surface, it clogs up the gland in such a way that greasy or cheesy plugs are formed. Aside from being unsightly, these plugs or whiteheads may later be infected and leave scars when tampered with. Some undergo chemical changes and become blackheads.
Cystic acne requires to be treated as early as possible. This is because of the likelihood of additional cyst formation and the tendency to turn into acne scars. Dermatologists might treat such condition by draining the lesions in case, the lesion is not responding to any other treatment and the condition has gone beyond its normalcy. The incision and drainage is generally followed by a course of specific antibiotics.
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